Building applications

Application Design Manual 4.2.A

APPX 4.2.A 36 chapters, 803 topics

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APPX 4.2.A edition. Extracted from the live APPX manual on October 9, 2026. Original version-specific text and screenshots are preserved.For the current releases, read the 6.2.0 edition (APPX 6.2) or the 5.5.1 edition (APPX 5.5). All 24 editions

Chapter 1-1Overview of Application Design
- Cover Page
- Introduction to Application Design
- How to Reach Appx
- Terminology
- A Specification Approach
- Prototyping an Application
- Integrated Documentation
- Components of the Application Design Facility
- The Data Dictionary (Data Elements and Structures)
- Objects or Processes
- The Image Editor
- Integrated Language Facility (ILF)
- The ILF Editor
- The Debugging Facility
- Design Tools
- Language Facility
- Utilities
- Application Chooser
- Application Properties
- Named Resources
Chapter 1-2Getting Started
- Before You Begin
- System Administration Tasks
- Managing Design Files
- Planning Your Application
- Design Methodologies
- Approaches to System Design
- Analyzing Your Requirements
- Entering Specifications in APPX
- Application Parameters
Chapter 1-3Data Dictionary
- The Data Dictionary: Cornerstone of an Application
- Characteristics of the APPX Data Dictionary
- Accessing the Data Dictionary
- The Components of the Data Dictionary
- Domains and Domain Types
- The Functions of a Domain
- The Advantages of Using Domains
- An Example of a Domain
- Fields and Field Types
- Work Fields
- Audit Trail
- Storage Options and Files
- Permanent Files
- Disk Files (Temporary)
- Memory Files
- Working-Storage Files
- File Organization
- One-Record File Organization
- Sequential File Organization
- Indexed File Organization
- File Keys
- Default Value Records
- Data Dictionary Processing
- When Processing is Required
- Restructuring Files
- Security in the Data Dictionary
- Record Protection Fields
Chapter 1-4Understanding Process Design
- APPX Processes
- Processes Compared With Programs
- Process Concepts
- The Menu Process
- The Job Process
- The Input Process
- The Output Process
- The Update Process
- The Query Process
- The Inquiry Process
- The Status Process
- The Subroutine Process
- Relationships Between Processes
- Process Genealogy
- Process Components
- Preparing for Runtime
- The Sequence of Operation
- An Example of the Process Cycle
Chapter 1-5Interprocess Communication
Chapter 1-6Customizing Your Application
- Runtime Application
- Predefined Fields (PDFs)
- Using Predefined Fields
- Categories of Predefined Fields
- Predefined Processes
- Accessing Non-APPX Programs
- The CALL Statement
- The RUN Statement
- Command Process Invocation
Chapter 1-7The Documentation Facility
- An Integrated Facility
- The Standard Documentation Screen
- Technical and User Documentation
- The Help Option
- Application Design Documentation Menu
Chapter 1-8Application Design Tools
- Application Design Tools Menu
- Change All References
- Design Transfer
- Cross Reference
- Cross Reference Options
- Other Design Tools
Chapter 2-1Data Dictionary Overview
- APPX Data Dictionary
- Accessing the Data Dictionary
- Characteristics of the Data Dictionary
- Components of the Data Dictionary
- Domain Concepts
- Domain Types
- Functions of a Domain
- Some Examples of Domains
- Mask Definition
- Display Mask Relationship (Data Dictionary vs. Image)
- External, Internal, and Universal Data Formats
- Fields
- Field Types
- Physical versus Logical Categories
- Physical Fields
- Work Fields
- Logical Fields
- Substring Fields
- Synonym Fields
- Group Fields
- Designating Keys
- Key Order versus Sort Order
- Files
- File Storage Options
- File Organization
- Temporary versus Permanent Files
- Record Protection
Chapter 2-2Data Dictionary Concepts
- Processing the Data Dictionary
- Tracking Processing Requirements
- Summary of a Data Dictionary Process
- Relationships of the Processed Dictionary to Other APPX Components
- Application Integration Issues
- Integrity
- Database Security
- Documentation
- Accessing the Data Dictionary Documentation Screens
- Integration with Database Management and System Administration
- Database Management and the Data Dictionary
- System Administration and the Data Dictionary
Chapter 2-3Domains
- Introduction to Domains
- Domains Screen
- Domains Toolbox Option
- Domains Data Lookup
- Domains Additional Attributes
- Common Domain Specifications
- Alpha Domains
- Alpha Domain Validation Table
- Alpha Domain Additional Attributes
- Format Domains
- Format Domain Validation Table
- Format Domain Additional Attributes
- System Domains
- System Domain Additional Attributes
- Text Domains
- Text Domain Additional Attributes
- Token Domains
- Token Domain Token Table
- Token Domain Additional Attributes
- Numeric Domains
- Numeric Domain Additional Attributes
- Numeric Storage Types
- Six Types of Characters Used in Numeric Masks
- Mask Characters Influenced by Values in System Administration
- Text in Numeric Masks
- Formats Excluded by Numeric Masking Facility
- Date Domains
- Logic Domains
- Same As Domains
Chapter 2-4Files and Fields
- Introduction to Files and Fields
- Files
- Files Rules Option
- Files Additional Attributes Option
- Files Record Protection Option
- Files Default Process Option
- Fields
- Fields Data Lookup Option
- Fields Additional Attributes
- Fields Key Control Option
- Common Fields Specifications
- Occurrence
- Domain Fields
- Domain Fields Additional Attributes Option
- Domain Fields (System Domains)
- Domain Fields (Numeric Domains)
- Alpha Fields
- Alpha Fields Validation Table
- Alpha Fields Additional Attributes
- Format Fields
- Format Fields Validation Table
- Format Fields Additional Attributes
- System Fields
- Text Fields
- Text Fields Additional Attributes
- Token Fields
- Token Fields Token Table
- Token Fields Additional Attributes
- Numeric Fields
- Date Fields
- Logic Fields
- Logic Fields Additional Attributes
- Synonym Fields
- Special Uses for Synonym Fields
- Substring Fields
- Group Fields
- Group Header Fields
- Group Trailer Fields
- Special Uses for Group Fields
Chapter 2-5Work Fields
- Introduction to Work Fields
- Work Fields Data Lookup Option
- Work Fields Additional Attributes Option
- Common Work Fields Specifications
- Domain Work Fields
- Domain Work Fields Additional Attributes
- Domain Work Fields (Numeric Domain)
- Domain Work Fields (Numeric Domain) Add'l Attributes
- Alpha Work Fields
- Alpha Work Fields Validation Table
- Alpha Work Fields Additional Attributes
- Format Work Fields
- Format Work Fields Validation Table
- Format Work Fields Additional Attributes
- Text Work Fields
- Text Work Fields Additional Attributes
- Token Work Fields
- Token Work Fields Token Table
- Token Work Fields Additional Attributes
- Numeric Work Fields
- Date Work Fields
- Logic Work Fields
Chapter 3-1Overview of APPX Processes
- Overview of Chapters 3-1 thru 3-16
- Navigation Aids
- The APPX Process Facility
- Accessing the Process Facility
- Process Types
- Predefined Processes
- Frames
- Images
- Process Control Files
- Automatic and Optional Child Invocations
- Event Points
- Process Lineage
- The Process Cycle
Chapter 3-2Getting Started
- Introduction to Process Concepts
- The Image Editor
- Automatic Data Lookup and Display
- Frame/Image Positioning
- Screen Positioning
- The Effect of Child Invocation on Screen Display
- Page Positioning
- The Effect of Scrolling Frames on Screen and Page Positioning
- Matrix Scrolling Mode
- Columnar Scrolling Mode
- Input Process Concepts
- Input Entry Levels
- Input Keymaps
- Input Modes
- Input Interactive Phases
- Automatically Saved Records
- Output Process Concepts
- Output Frame Classes
- Output Frame Class Execution
- Print Beside
- Update Process Concepts
- Query Process Concepts
- Query Setup versus Execution
- Query Files
- Job Process Concepts
- Inquiry Process Concepts
- Status Process Concepts
- Subroutine Process Concepts
- Performance Tuning
- Saving Executable Modules
- EM Caching
- Documentation
- Accessing Process Documentation Screens
- Security
Chapter 3-3Process Definition
- Introduction to Process Definition
- Common Process Specifications
- Process Additional Attributes Option
- Process Rules Option
- Process Documentation Option
- Process Security Option
- Process Toolbox Pulldown Menu
- Audit Information Overlay
- Invoke a Process Overlay
- Process Jump to Pulldown Menu
Chapter 3-4Menu Processes
- Introduction to Menu Processes
- Menu Process Specifications
- Menu Process Rules Option
- Menu Process Optional Children Option
- Menu Image in the Image Editor
Chapter 3-5Job Processes
- Introduction to Job Processes
- Job Process Specifications
- Job Process Rules Option
- Job Process Additional Attributes Option
- Job Process Automatic Child Processes
Chapter 3-6Input Processes
- Introduction to Input Processes
- Input Process Specifications
- Input Process Additional Attributes Option
- Input Process Rules Option
- Input Frame Specifications
- Input Frame Additional Attributes Option
- Input Frame Rules Option
- Input Frame Automatic Children Option
- Input Frame Toolbox Pulldown Menu
- Input Image Specifications
- Scrolling Input Image Specifications
- Scrolling Input Image Additional Attributes Option
- Input Image Rules Option
- Input Image Optional Children Option
- Scrolling Input Image in the Image Editor
- Non-Scrolling Input Image Specifications
- Non-Scrolling Input Image Additional Attributes Option
- Non-Scrolling Input Image in the Image Editor
Chapter 3-7Output Processes
- Introduction to Output Processes
- Output Process Specifications
- Standard Column Heading Image Generation
- Output Process Additional Attributes Option
- Output Process Rules Option
- Output Frame Specifications
- Output Frame Additional Attributes Option
- Output Frame Rules Option
- Output Frame Automatic Children Option
- Output Frame Toolbox Pulldown Menu
- Output Image Specifications
- Scrolling Output Image Specifications
- Scrolling Output Image Additional Attributes Option
- Non-Scrolling Output Image Specifications
- Non-Scrolling Output Image Additional Attributes Option
- Output Image Rules Option
- Output Image in the Image Editor
- Designing GUI Output
- Printing PDF Output
- PDF Print on Screen Dialog
Chapter 3-8Update Processes
- Introduction to Update Processes
- Update Process Specifications
- Update Process Rules Option
- Update Process Additional Attributes Option
- Update Frame Specifications
- Update Frame Rules Option
- Update Frame Automatic Processes Option
Chapter 3-9Query Processes
- Introduction to Query Processes
- Query Process Specifications
- Query Process Rules Option
- Query Process Additional Attributes Option
- Enduser Selections Option
- Enduser Selections Expression Option
- Designer Selections Option
- Sort Order Option
- Grand Totals Option
- Populating Query Files
Chapter 3-10Inquiry Processes
- Introduction to Inquiry Processes
- Inquiry Process Specifications
- Inquiry Process Rules Option
- Inquiry Process Additional Attributes Option
- Inquiry Frame Specifications
- Inquiry Frame Rules Option
- Inquiry Frame Additional Attributes Option
- Inquiry Frame Automatic Processes Option
- Inquiry Image Specifications
- Inquiry Image Rules Option
- Inquiry Image Additional Attributes Option
- Inquiry Image Optional Processes Option
Chapter 3-11Status Processes
- Introduction to Status Processes
- Status Process Specifications
- Status Process Rules Option
- Status Process Additional Attributes Option
Chapter 3-12Subroutine Processes
- Introduction to Subroutine Processes
- Subroutine Process Specifications
- Subroutine Process Rules Option
- Subroutine Process Additional Attributes Option
Chapter 3-13Automatic and Optional Children
- Introduction to Automatic and Optional Children
- Child Specifications
- Child Rules Option
- Child Additional Attributes Option
- Child Constraints Option
- Child Use Query Option
- Child GUI Attributes Option
Chapter 3-14Using the Image Editor
- Image Editor
- Image Editor Options
- Image Editor Toolbox Option
- Image Editor Toolbox Rules Option
- Editing or Defining Items on Images
- Image Item Specifications
- Image Item Toolbox Option
- Image Item Toolbox Rules Option
- Data Lookup Option
- Image Item Additional Attributes Option
- Alphanumeric Item Additional Attributes
- Date/Time Item Additional Attributes
- Display Mask (Date/Time)
- Logic Item Additional Attributes
- Numeric Item Additional Attributes
- Defining Image Characteristics
Chapter 3-15Using GUI Features of the Image Editor
- GUI Features of the Image Editor
- Image Editor Toolbar
- Making Selections
- Using Guide Bars
- Cursor Types
- Moving and Resizing
- Image Editor Right-Click Menu
- APPX Data Palette
- Editing or Defining Data Objects for Images
- Data Object Specifications
- Painting Buttons, Labels, Pictures, and Boxes or Lines
- Painting Buttons
- Painting Labels
- Painting Pictures
- Changing and Deleting Graphical Items
- Use of Graphical Attributes
- Defining Graphical Attributes for Images
- Titlebar Options
- Window Options
- Shared Options and Name
- Defining Graphical Attributes for Optional Children
- Defining Graphical Attributes for Image Fields
- Image Field Control Options
- Image Field Font Options
- Image Field Border Options
- Image Field Other Options
- Image Field Tab Order Options
- Making Color Selections
Chapter 3-16Using Event Points
- Event Points
- Process-Level Event Points
- Start of Process
- Set Run-Time Defaults
- Post PCF Read
- Pre-PCF Update
- Post PCF Update
- Query Process Event Points
- Start of Query Execution
- Establish PCF Range
- Pre-User Selection
- Post User Selection
- End of Query Execution
- End of Process
- Frame-Level Event Points
- Start of Frame
- Select Image
- Global Pre-Display
- Global Option Intercept
- End of Frame
- Effect of Optional Frames on Event Point Chronology
- Effect of Repeating Frames on Event Point Chronology
- Effect of Scrolling Frames on Event Point Chronology
- Image-Level Event Points
- Pre-Display
- Pre-Display/Verify
- Option Intercept
- Verify
- Child-Level Event Points
- Pre-Invocation
- Post Invocation
- Using the Predefined Field NEXT CHILD ID
- File Level Event Points
- File Open
- Post Read
- Pre-Update
- Post Update
- File Close
Chapter 4-1ILF Integration
- Using ILF Routines
- An Example of a Statement
- The Components of a Statement
- The Statements Included in the ILF
- When to Invoke ILF Routines: Event Points
- Event Point Definition and Description
- The Steps in Using the ILF
- The ILF Editor
- The Compilation Step
- Resolving Compilation Errors
- Resolving Runtime Errors
- Using the ILF Debugger
Chapter 4-2True/False Status Indicators
- How APPX Uses T/F Status Indicators
- Setting T/F Status Indicators
- T/F Status Indicator Values
- Statements That Affect T/F Status Indicators
- An Example of T/F Usage
- T/F Execution Condition Values
- Valid/Invalid Execution Conditions
- Using Hyphens as Placeholders
- Simple T/F Examples for Comparison
- Using AND and OR Statements
- Using AND After an IF Statement
- Using OR After an IF Statement
- Adding Execution Conditions
- Potential Misuse of AND and OR
- AND and OR with Statements Other Than IF
Chapter 4-3Specifying Statements
- Specifying Statements
- Patterns of Statement Keyword Use
- Rules for Statement Components
- The T/F Execution Conditions
- The Statement Keyword
- The Application ID
- The File Name
- The Field Component
- Partial-Record I/O
- The Label
- The Occurrence Number
- Characteristic-Type Statements
- The Appearance Number
- The Arithmetic Operator
- The Relational Component
- The Message Text
- The FAIL (or FT) Parameter
- A Non-APPX Program Name
- Miscellaneous Operands
- Using Predefined Fields (PDFs) in Statements
- PDFs and Field-Naming
- The A through Z and AI through ZI PDFs
- Specifying Constant Values
- Universal Data Formats
Chapter 4-4The ILF Editor
- The Editor and Automatic Compilation
- The Features of the Editor
- Invoking the ILF Editor
- The Layout of the Editor Screen
- The Help Option
- The Edit Modes and Options
- Save and Exit
- ADD MODE
- DELETE MODE
- CHANGE MODE
- Toolbox
- Move (Option 2)
- Search
- Replace (Option 5)
- XCopy (external copy)
- Restore All Deleted Statements (Option 11)
- Using Comments
Chapter 4-5The Debugger
- Analyzing Logic Errors
- The Features of the Debugger
- The Layout of the Debugger Screen
- Key Information
- Display and Debugging Area
- Data Values Area
- Options
- The TRAP Statement
- Conditional Execution of the TRAP Statement
- Hard Coded versus Dynamic Trapping
- The Options on the Debugger Screen
- Go
- StepInto
- Step/Ret
- Step/End
- [F3] Select (Clear or Set Trap)
- Add Mode (Debugger Screen)
- Watch Points
- Inquire Mode (Debugger Screen)
- Change Mode (Debugger Screen)
- Other Options
- Suggested Uses for the Debugger
- Leaving the Debugger
- Clearing Out Break Points
Chapter 4-6ILF Keyword Reference
- * (Comment)
- ** (Comment)
- AND
- APPEND
- AT FIELD
- BEG AT
- BEG LOOP
- BEG READ
- BLANK
- BLINK
- BOLD
- BRIGHT
- CALC
- CALC - Basic Functions)
- CALC - Exponential Functions)
- CALC - Trigonometric - Functions)
- CALL
- Using the CALL Statement to Access User-Provided Functions
- CANCEL
- CLOSE
- CNV BIN
- CNV PORT
- CNV TEXT
- COLOR
- COMMIT
- COMPUTE
- COPY
- CREATE
- DATE ADD
- DATE BTW
- DELETE
- DIM
- DISABLE
- DISPLAY
- ENABLE
- END
- END AT
- END LOOP
- END PROC
- END READ
- ERROR
- EXIT
- FONT
- GOSUB
- GOTO
- IF
- IF DIFF
- IF EXIST
- INPUT
- INQUIRY
- INVERSE
- JOB
- LABEL
- LOCAL
- LOGOUT
- MENU
- MESSAGE
- NO BOLD
- NO INPUT
- NO ULINE
- NORMAL
- OK INPUT
- OPEN
- OR
- OUTPUT
- OVERFLOW
- PASS
- PASS Lists
- PICTURE
- POSITION
- QUERY
- READ
- READNEXT
- RECEIVE
- REFRESH
- RESTORE
- RETURN
- REWRITE
- ROLLBACK
- RUN
- SAVEPNT
- SCAN
- SCRATCH
- SET
- When SET Destination is Alpha
- When SET Destination is a Number
- When SET Destination is a Date
- When SET Destination is a Logic Field
- SET DATE
- SET DAY
- SET MNTH
- SET TEMP
- SET TOT
- STATUS
- STORE
- SUBR
- TIMEOUT
- TOTAL
- TRAP
- ULINE
- UPDATE
- USE CC
- VERIFY
- WARNING
- WRITE
Chapter 4-7Predefined Fields and Processes
- Runtime Application
- Predefined Fields (PDFs)
- Using Predefined Fields (PDFs)
- Categories of PDFs
- Current Status PDFs
- Process Control PDFs
- Terminal Management PDFs
- Report Management PDFs
- General Purpose PDFs
- Information Headings for PDF's
- Key to Table 4-7-1: Predefined Fields Attributes
- Table 4-7-1: Predefined Fields Attributes (Part 1)
- Table 4-7-1: Predefined Fields Attributes (Part 2)
- Table 4-7-1: Predefined Fields Attributes (Part 3)
- Table 4-7-1: Predefined Fields Attributes (Part 4)
- Table 4-7-1: Predefined Fields Attributes (Part 5)
- A, B, C...Z
- AI, BI, CI...ZI
- ACCESS PATH
- ALTERNATE IMAGE NUMBER
- APPLICATION
- AUTO READNEXT
- BETWEEN
- BILLING CODE
- CANCEL OK
- CHILD ID
- COLOR BACKGROUND
- COLOR FOREGROUND
- COMMIT MODE
- COMPANY ADDRESS 1
- COMPANY ADDRESS 2
- COMPANY ADDRESS 3
- COMPANY NAME
- CURSOR AT APPEARANCE
- CURSOR AT OCCURRENCE
- CURSOR COLUMN
- CURSOR ROW
- DATABASE
- DEFAULT MODE
- ENTRY LEVEL
- ERRORS
- EXACT KEY REQUIRED
- FONT
- FORM LENGTH
- FORM WIDTH
- INCLUDE CHILDREN
- INCLUDE RECORD
- INTERACTIVE PHASE
- KEYMAP NAME
- LANGUAGE ID
- LINES LEFT ON PAGE
- LOG BANNER
- LOG COPIES
- LOG FILE DISPOSITION
- LOG FILE PATHNAME
- LOG FORM ID
- LOG FORMAT
- LOG HARD COPY
- LOG MODE
- LOG NOTIFY USER
- LOG ON SCREEN
- LOG PRINTER ID
- LOG PRIORITY
- LOG REPORT OPTIONS
- LOG SPOOL DATE
- MODE
- NEW PAGE AFTER
- NEW PAGE BEFORE
- NEXT APPLICATION
- NEXT CHILD ID
- NEXT DATABASE
- NEXT LANGUAGE ID
- NEXT PROCESS NAME
- NEXT VERSION
- OPERATIONAL PHASE
- OPTION
- PAGE NUMBER
- PAN COLUMN
- PAN ROW
- PRINT BANNER
- PRINT COPIES
- PRINT FILE BROWSABLE
- PRINT FILE DISPOSITION
- PRINT FILE PATHNAME
- PRINT FORM ID
- PRINT FORMAT
- PRINT HARD COPY
- PRINT MODE
- PRINT NOTIFY USER
- PRINT ON SCREEN
- PRINT PAGE ESTIMATE
- PRINT PRINTER ID
- PRINT PRIORITY
- PRINT RECORD LIMIT
- PRINT REPORT OPTIONS
- PRINT SPOOL DATE
- PRINT SUMMARY ONLY
- PROCESS CODE
- PROCESS NAME
- PROCESS TYPE
- RECORD NUMBER
- RETURN CODE
- SCROLL TO END
- SELECTED APPLICATION
- SELECTED DATABASE
- SELECTED VERSION
- SKIP AFTER
- SKIP BEFORE
- SOURCE APPLICATION
- SOURCE VERSION
- STATUS CODE
- SUBHEADING
- SUBMIT DATE
- SUBMIT MODE
- SUBMIT NOTIFY USER
- SUBMIT OPTIONS
- SUBMIT PRIORITY
- SUBMIT PROCESS
- SUBMIT QUEUE
- TEMP 1
- TEMP 2
- TEMP 4
- TEMP 30
- TEMP 30 CTR
- TEMP 30 LJ
- TEMP 30 RJ
- TEMP 32
- TEMP 79
- TEMP 80
- TEMP 132
- TEMP 256
- TEMP 512
- TEMP 2K
- TEMP 8K
- TEMP 32K
- TEXT AT POSITION
- USER ID
- VERSION
- WARNINGS
- Predefined Processes
- Designer-Invoked Processes
- APPX MENU
- BEGIN LIVE OPERATIONS
- CHECK GUI CLIENT
- DISPOSITION
- DISPOSITION (BACKGROUND)
- ENTER BILLING CODE
- GET FILE FROM CLIENT
- PROCESS QUERY RECORD
- SELECT DATABASE
- SEND FILE TO CLIENT

Application Design Manual 4.2.A

Chapter 1-1Overview of Application Design

Chapter 1-2Getting Started

Chapter 1-3Data Dictionary

Chapter 1-4Understanding Process Design

Chapter 1-5Interprocess Communication

Chapter 1-6Customizing Your Application

Chapter 1-7The Documentation Facility

Chapter 1-8Application Design Tools

Chapter 2-1Data Dictionary Overview

Chapter 2-2Data Dictionary Concepts

Chapter 2-3Domains

Chapter 2-4Files and Fields

Chapter 2-5Work Fields

Chapter 3-1Overview of APPX Processes

Chapter 3-2Getting Started

Chapter 3-3Process Definition

Chapter 3-4Menu Processes

Chapter 3-5Job Processes

Chapter 3-6Input Processes

Chapter 3-7Output Processes

Chapter 3-8Update Processes

Chapter 3-9Query Processes

Chapter 3-10Inquiry Processes

Chapter 3-11Status Processes

Chapter 3-12Subroutine Processes

Chapter 3-13Automatic and Optional Children

Chapter 3-14Using the Image Editor

Chapter 3-15Using GUI Features of the Image Editor

Chapter 3-16Using Event Points

Chapter 4-1ILF Integration

Chapter 4-2True/False Status Indicators

Chapter 4-3Specifying Statements

Chapter 4-4The ILF Editor

Chapter 4-5The Debugger

Chapter 4-6ILF Keyword Reference

Chapter 4-7Predefined Fields and Processes